The evolution of technology has significantly influenced the way we perceive and design the spaces we inhabit, and among the most promising advancements is the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in interior design. Interior spaces play a vital role in shaping human experiences, influencing behaviour, emotional responses, and overall well-being. As such, leveraging AI in the field of interior architecture offers an innovative approach to crafting immersive and adaptive environments that cater to individual needs and preferences. Through real-time responsiveness and data-driven personalization, AI has the potential to redefine spatial experiences, transcending traditional design boundaries to foster environments that are both functional and emotionally intelligent.

AI's capacity to dynamically respond to human interaction allows designers to develop interior environments that are deeply attuned to users’ moods, routines, and behaviours. For example, AI-powered systems can automatically adjust lighting levels and temperature settings based on a user’s activity or emotional state, creating a space that not only supports comfort but also promotes mental well-being. Smart sound systems enhanced by AI can deliver adaptive acoustics, modifying ambient noise or background music to suit the context—whether it's a tranquil atmosphere for relaxation or an energetic tone for productivity. Furthermore, the integration of AI into visual art installations enables interactive and evolving digital artwork that reacts to the presence and movement of occupants, thereby transforming passive spaces into engaging, sensory-rich environments.

In addition to augmenting sensory experiences, AI plays a crucial role in space optimization. By analyzing patterns in movement and usage, AI can suggest more efficient layouts, reconfigurations, or furniture arrangements that enhance the usability and functionality of interior spaces. This becomes particularly beneficial in compact or multifunctional areas where spatial efficiency is paramount. Moreover, AI-driven emotion recognition technologies can monitor user responses and automatically fine-tune environmental settings to enhance relaxation, reduce stress, or stimulate focus, depending on situational needs. These intelligent systems not only improve day-to-day interactions with the environment but also contribute to long-term psychological and physiological health.

Beyond personalization and efficiency, AI also contributes to sustainable interior design practices. Through predictive analytics and real-time monitoring, AI can regulate energy consumption, optimize natural lighting usage, and manage resources more responsibly. This aligns with the growing global emphasis on environmentally conscious design, enabling the creation of spaces that are not only human-centric but also ecologically mindful.

Ultimately, the integration of Artificial Intelligence in interior design signifies a paradigm shift from static spatial planning to dynamic and interactive design methodologies. It enables the creation of intelligent spaces that resonate with the emotional and psychological dimensions of users while supporting functionality, sustainability, and innovation. As a scholar specializing in biophilic design, environmental behaviour, and children’s environments, I recognize the vast potential AI holds in redefining how spaces support human development, especially in environments designed for vulnerable or diverse populations. Through thoughtful implementation, AI can be harnessed to create meaningful, inclusive, and adaptive interiors that truly elevate the quality of life.

Dr. Nor Diyana Mustapa holds a Doctor of Philosophy in Landscape Planning (2018), a Master of Science in Landscape Architecture (2010), and a Bachelor of Science in Housing, Building and Planning (2008), all from Universiti Sains Malaysia. Her research and academic focus encompass biophilic design, environmental psychology, and the design of spaces that support children's development and well-being.

Source: Final Year Project Muhammad Izzan Rushaidy 2023/2024